
答案
F. de Saussure refers langue to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community and refers to parole to the actual or actualized language, or the realization of language. Langue is abstract, parole specific to the speaking situation; langue not actually spoken by an individual, parole always a naturally occurring event; langue relatively stable and systematic, parole subject to personal and situational constraints. The langue-parole distinction is of great importance, which casts great influence on linguists.